Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Reserva Biológica União, located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, covers a significant portion of the Atlantic Forest biome, one of the most biodiverse and endangered forest ecosystems in the world. Established in 1998 through the merger of two previously existing conservation units, it represents one of the largest protected forest areas in the region. The reserve encompasses dense tropical rainforest, mountainous terrain, and several freshwater sources, providing critical habitat for numerous endemic and threatened species. Due to its classification as a biological reserve, public access is highly restricted, focusing primarily on scientific research and environmental monitoring. This limits recreational usage but enhances the effectiveness of habitat protection efforts. The area plays a key role in preserving rare species such as the golden lion tamarin and the red-billed curassow, along with a variety of orchids, butterflies, and amphibians. Its terrain offers steep slopes and valleys that contribute to the isolation and conservation of these habitats. While recreational activities like hiking and camping are generally prohibited, localized low-impact environmental education programs may be allowed under strict supervision. The reserve is an important reference for ecological studies and environmental preservation in the Atlantic Forest region. Visitors interested in the reserve usually engage with nearby ecological parks or visit surrounding communities to learn about local conservation efforts and enjoy the regional biodiversity through guided tours outside the reserve boundaries.
