Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Salmon–Challis National Forest, located in east-central Idaho, is one of the largest national forests in the United States, covering more than 4 million acres of high mountain terrain, deep river valleys, and expansive wilderness. The forest encompasses portions of the Salmon River Mountains and the Lost River Range, with some of Idaho's highest peaks including Borah Peak, the state's tallest mountain at 12,662 feet. The landscape features alpine meadows, dense conifer forests, glacial lakes, and the wild Salmon River and its tributaries. Ecologically, the forest supports a variety of wildlife such as elk, mule deer, mountain goats, wolves, and several bird species. The area is also home to sensitive plant species and critical habitats for fish, including native salmonids in the Salmon River watershed. Human history in the region includes Native American use, mining, and more recent conservation efforts aimed at protecting the diverse habitats and recreation values. The forest offers many outdoor activities including hiking, backpacking, camping, rock climbing, fishing, whitewater rafting, hunting, and winter sports. Notable landmarks include the Frank Church—River of No Return Wilderness, which lies largely within the forest, and Hell's Canyon, North America's deepest river gorge accessible nearby. The remote wilderness character and extensive trail system attract visitors seeking solitude and adventure in a rugged setting. Visitor appeal stems from the combination of vast, unspoiled landscapes, wildlife viewing, and numerous opportunities for multi-day trips or day hikes.
