Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Bhitarkanika National Park, established in 1998, is located in the Kendrapara district of Odisha, India, covering a significant area of protected mangrove forests, tidal creeks, and estuarine wetlands. The park is part of the larger Bhitarkanika Conservation Area, which also includes the Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary and the Gupteswar Sanctuary. It occupies the delta formed by the Brahmani, Baitarani, Dhamra, and Mahanadi rivers, creating vast tidal mudflats and dense mangrove forests that are critical habitats for diverse flora and fauna. The park is recognized for being one of the largest coastal ecosystems in India and plays an important role in protecting rare and endangered species. It is home to saltwater crocodiles, Olive Ridley sea turtles, estuarine crocodiles, various species of migratory birds, and several mammals such as fishing cats and otters.
Visitors to Bhitarkanika can explore the park via boat safaris that navigate through mangrove creeks, offering close encounters with wildlife and scenic views of the mangrove canopy. The park hosts two notable creeks—Dangmal and Gupti—providing access to core wildlife areas. The Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary adjacent to Bhitarkanika is famous for its olive ridley turtle nesting grounds. Bhitarkanika’s history of conservation began with its declaration as a sanctuary in 1975 and later upgraded to National Park status in 1998, highlighting its global ecological importance. The park's diverse ecosystems attract nature photographers, bird watchers, and researchers. Its rich biodiversity and scenic riverine landscapes offer exceptional opportunities for eco-tourism and environmental education.
