Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Located approximately 60 kilometers south of Mumbai in Raigad district, Maharashtra, Karnala Bird Sanctuary is a lush reserve spreading over 12.11 square kilometers centered around the Karnala Fort. Established in 1968 primarily to protect the area's diverse birdlife, the sanctuary consists of dry deciduous forests and shrublands, providing a critical habitat for a wide variety of resident and migratory bird species. Over 150 bird species have been recorded here, including the rare Malabar pied hornbill, paradise flycatcher, and several species of kingfishers and woodpeckers, making it a haven for ornithologists and birding enthusiasts. The sanctuary's topography includes rocky hills and dense foliage, with the iconic Karnala Fort sitting at an elevation of about 439 meters, accessible by a well-trodden hiking trail that offers panoramic views of the surrounding Western Ghats foothills. Visitors can enjoy moderate trekking, nature walks, and photography while exploring the sanctuary's walking trails. The proximity to large urban centers makes it a popular day-trip destination for nature lovers. The sanctuary also supports diverse wildlife such as Indian giant squirrels, langurs, and various reptiles. Karnala Bird Sanctuary’s blend of biodiversity, history, and accessible trails make it a captivating natural getaway with an excellent blend of cultural heritage and wildlife observation opportunities.
