Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge wilderness guide
National Wildlife Refuge · IA, IL, MN, WI

Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge

The Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge protects critical riverine habitats along the Mississippi River, offering outstanding opportunities for wildlife viewing, fishing, boating, and hiking in a diverse floodplain environment.

National Wildlife Refuge240,000+4+ Trails

Designation

National Wildlife Refuge

Total Wilderness Area

240,000+

Elevation / Terrain

Diverse Wilderness

Field Editorial Guide

About Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge

The Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge protects critical riverine habitats along the Mississippi River, offering outstanding opportunities for wildlife viewing, fishing, boating, and hiking in a diverse floodplain environment.

Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage

The Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge encompasses a series of protected lands and waters along the Upper Mississippi River, spanning parts of Iowa, Illinois, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. This refuge is a key part of the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge system, established to conserve riverine ecosystems and provide habitat for migratory birds, fish, and other wildlife. The refuge includes floodplain forests, backwater lakes, sloughs, and sandbars shaped by the natural dynamics of the river. It serves as an important stopover for waterfowl and other migratory birds along the Mississippi Flyway, supporting species such as bald eagles, trumpeter swans, and numerous migratory ducks and geese. The refuge also supports diverse fish populations, making it a popular destination for anglers seeking walleye, bass, and catfish. Recreational opportunities include hiking on trails that border the river, boating and paddling in the backwaters, wildlife photography, and environmental education programs. Key landmarks within the refuge are the Winona Pool, Pool 9, and the extensive maze of backwater lakes and islands that provide scenic and tranquil settings. Visitors often explore the refuge via water access points and nearby towns that serve as gateways. The refuge plays a vital role in maintaining the ecological health of the Mississippi River corridor while balancing public use and wildlife conservation. Its combination of accessible wildlife viewing destinations and outdoor activities makes it appealing for nature enthusiasts and recreational visitors alike.

Field Guide · National Wildlife Refuge
Adventure Destinations

Notable Destinations Near Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge

Scenic viewpoints, outdoor landmarks, and notable points of interest within 60 miles.

Key Wilderness Highlights

✦ Backwater marshes and floodplain forests rich with migratory bird species✦ Excellent bald eagle and waterfowl viewing opportunities especially in winter✦ Boating and paddling through complex channels and sloughs✦ Historic Lock and Dam structures along the Mississippi River
Wilderness Recreation

Outdoor Adventures in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge

Explore curated guides for top outdoor sports, trail networks, and wilderness activities.

Park Recreation

Hiking

Available in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge
Park Recreation

Wildlife Viewing

Available in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge
Park Recreation

Fishing

Available in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge
Park Recreation

Paddle Sports

Available in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge
Park Recreation

Scenic Drives

Available in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge
Park Recreation

Photography

Available in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge
Park Recreation

Boating

Available in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge
The Ranger Station

Visitor Logistics & Essential Planning

Everything you need to know about entrance passes, seasons, visitor centers, road transit, and wildlife safety in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge.

Passes & Fees

Entrance Requirements & Interagency Passes

No entrance fees; some areas may require fishing or boating permits.

Wilderness Checklist

Carry paper topographic map & compass in remote zones.
Store all food and scented items in approved bear canisters.
Check wildfire / smoke advisories before backcountry departure.
Pack out everything you pack in (Leave No Trace).
Wilderness Stays

Camping & Overnight Stays in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge

Frontcountry developed campgrounds, backcountry wilderness permit guidelines, and starry-night camping advice.

Brice Prairie Campground

Located near La Crosse, WI, offering easy access to river trails and birdwatching sites.

Spring Lake Campground

Situated in the refuge's backwater area, popular for fishing and water access.

Adventure Basecamps

Gateway Towns Near Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge

Stay, dine, and gear up in these mountain towns and scenic basecamps surrounding the park.

Onalaska, Wisconsin
⌖ 8.18 miles
Gateway Basecamp

Onalaska, Wisconsin

Onalaska offers outdoor lovers hiking and mountain biking through scenic bluffs, tranquil paddling on the Mississippi River, and year-round trail running and winter snowshoeing. It’s a friendly town with river views and ample access to Wisconsin’s natural beauty.

Spring through Fall
Explore Town
West Salem, Wisconsin
⌖ 9.26 miles
Gateway Basecamp

West Salem, Wisconsin

West Salem offers a serene outdoor escape with easy paddling on the Mississippi, gentle hiking and biking trails, and peaceful winter snowshoeing. Ideal for travelers seeking nature, wildlife, and small-town charm in western Wisconsin.

Spring through Fall
Explore Town
Trempealeau, Wisconsin
⌖ 12.07 miles
Gateway Basecamp

Trempealeau, Wisconsin

Trempealeau, Wisconsin offers a peaceful river town getaway with hiking, paddling, and birding amid stunning Mississippi River bluffs. Perrot State Park and the wildlife refuge provide natural escapes year-round.

Spring through Fall
Explore Town
Ettrick, Wisconsin
⌖ 12.17 miles
Gateway Basecamp

Ettrick, Wisconsin

Ettrick, Wisconsin, offers a perfect escape for paddlers, hikers, and snowmobilers amid the scenic Driftless Area. Enjoy tranquil rivers, wooded trails, and quiet winter rides all year long.

Spring through Fall for paddling and biking; Winter for snowmobiling
Explore Town
La Crescent, Minnesota
⌖ 12.94 miles
Gateway Basecamp

La Crescent, Minnesota

La Crescent, Minnesota, offers outdoor enthusiasts scenic bluff hiking, river paddling, and cycling along the Mississippi River Valley. Known for apple orchards and riverside parks, it’s a relaxed town perfect for spring through fall adventures.

Spring through Fall
Explore Town
La Crosse, Wisconsin
⌖ 13.20 miles
Gateway Basecamp

La Crosse, Wisconsin

La Crosse, WI is a vibrant town where outdoor enthusiasts can hike bluffs, paddle rivers, and bike trails amidst stunning landscapes. Perfect for adventurous travelers!

Expert-Led Wilderness Expeditions

Guided Experiences in Mississippi River Wildlife Refuge

Explore scenic backcountry routes and epic wilderness adventures with certified local mountain guides, naturalists, and outfitters.

River Boat Tours
ADVEXPEDITION
Winona, Minnesota
Sightseeing TourADV Bookable

River Boat Tours

Experience the Mississippi River like never before with guided boat tours from Winona Tour Boat. Spot wildlife and learn about local history on this unforgettable water adventure.

Sightseeing TourCertified Outfitter
Bookable OnlineBook Trip
Kayak Rental
ADVEXPEDITION
Springfield, Illinois
Self-Guided TourADV Bookable

Kayak Rental

Paddle through Wisconsin’s scenic rivers with Kayak Rental in Onalaska. Discover versatile kayak options perfect for all skill levels and trip lengths.

Self-Guided TourStarting at $20 | 1 and 2-Person KayaksCertified Outfitter
Bookable OnlineBook Trip
Fishing Boat - 15 HP Power Motor and Boat
ADVEXPEDITION
RegionPlaceholder, StatePlaceholder
FishingADV Bookable

Fishing Boat - 15 HP Power Motor and Boat

Ready to hit the water? Schafer’s River Rentals provides reliable boats for unforgettable river fishing and water adventures. Discover the region’s aquatic beauty today!

FishingAdvanced reservations recommended!Certified Outfitter
Bookable OnlineBook Trip
Canoe Rental
ADVEXPEDITION
Sample City, Sample State
CanoeADV Bookable

Canoe Rental

Paddle the scenic Mississippi River near Onalaska, WI, with flexible canoe rentals that fit any schedule. Discover tranquil backwaters and dynamic river bends at your own pace.

CanoeAdvanced reservations recommended!Certified Outfitter
Bookable OnlineBook Trip
Lantern Tours
ADVEXPEDITION
Harmony, Minnesota
Walking TourADV Bookable

Lantern Tours

Discover the magic of Niagara Cave on a Lantern Tour, where underground streams and waterfalls glow by lantern light. This unique hour-long adventure offers an enchanting experience perfect for all ages.

Walking TourCertified Outfitter
Bookable OnlineBook Trip
Under the North Shore Stars: An Overnight Sail to the Suzie Islands
ADVEXPEDITION
Stockton, Minnesota
Boat TourADV Bookable

Under the North Shore Stars: An Overnight Sail to the Suzie Islands

A small-boat overnight charter from Grand Marais that includes a five–seven-hour sail to the Suzie Islands, dinghy shore exploration, a Lake Superior plunge, and a night anchored among untouched island shoreline.

Boat TourPT2HCertified Outfitter
Bookable OnlineBook Trip