Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
The Caithness and Sutherland Peatlands Special Protection Area (SPA) is located in the far north of Scotland, covering vast expanses of blanket bog, peatlands, and moorland. Spanning approximately 1,520 square kilometers, this protected area includes some of the most extensive peat soil formations in Europe, playing a crucial role in carbon storage and climate regulation. Ecologically, the area supports internationally significant populations of breeding birds such as the Greenland white-fronted goose, golden plover, dunlin, and hen harrier—the latter being a rare and protected raptor within the UK. The peatlands are also home to a range of tundra and bog plant species, contributing to the fragile ecosystem’s biodiversity. The region has a rich cultural heritage with evidence of ancient human activity and traditional land uses such as crofting and hunting. Outdoor enthusiasts can explore the landscape through remote walking routes and birdwatching spots, though the terrain can be challenging and requires preparedness. Notable landmarks within or near the SPA include the flow country peatlands and several lochs and rivers that support diverse wildlife. Visitors often come for photography, birdwatching, and quiet nature walks, appreciating the area's vast, open horizons and solitude. Access is limited, and the area remains largely wild with few developed visitor facilities, making it ideal for visitors seeking an off-the-beaten-path experience.
