Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
The Susquehanna River originates in Otsego Lake in Cooperstown, New York, and flows approximately 444 miles through New York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland before emptying into the Chesapeake Bay. As one of the longest rivers on the East Coast, it is a crucial freshwater source and supports extensive ecosystems along its course. The river's watershed covers more than 27,500 square miles, making it one of the largest river basins in the continental U.S. Its varied landscapes include forested hills, farmland, wetlands, and urban areas. Historically, the Susquehanna was a vital transportation corridor for Indigenous peoples and early European settlers, playing significant roles in colonial trade and industrial development. Today, the river provides numerous opportunities for kayaking, canoeing, fishing, bird watching, and camping. Notable points along the river include the Susquehanna River Gorge near Marietta, Pennsylvania, and the historic Conowingo Dam area in Maryland. Environmental initiatives focus on improving water quality and preserving habitats for migratory fish such as American shad and river herring. Visitors are drawn to its scenic views, the chance to observe bald eagles and other wildlife, and various boat launches that enable exploration of this expansive river system. The Susquehanna also forms part of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System in specific segments, protecting the river’s free-flowing condition and outstanding natural values.
