Wilderness Landscape & Natural Heritage
Tiwai Island Wildlife Sanctuary is a 12 km² island reserve located on the Moa River in Sierra Leone's Western Province. The sanctuary consists primarily of tropical rainforest and riverine ecosystems, providing habitat for over 135 mammal species, including some of the highest concentrations of primates in Africa. Key species include pygmy hippopotamuses, duikers, chimpanzees, and several species of monkeys such as Diana monkeys and olive colobus. The island’s dense forest and surrounding waterways create a vital refuge supporting a high level of biodiversity and endemic species. Established in 1987 by the Conservation Society of Sierra Leone and supported by international conservation partnerships, Tiwai Island plays a crucial role in regional wildlife protection and research. Visitors to Tiwai can engage in guided jungle walks, primate tracking, bird watching, and boat excursions along the Moa River. The sanctuary is a significant ecotourism destination in Sierra Leone, attracting researchers and wildlife enthusiasts interested in its rich fauna and flora. Accommodation is primarily via eco-lodges and simple campsites that emphasize sustainable practices. The sanctuary offers an intimate outdoor experience with opportunities to witness rare species in their natural habitat and learn about local conservation efforts. Access is generally by boat from the town of Potoru, requiring coordination with local guides or operators. Tiwai Island stands out as a critical protected area for wildlife preservation and environmental education in West Africa.
